{"id":1181,"date":"2014-06-13T14:17:01","date_gmt":"2014-06-13T08:47:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/saravanan.org\/?p=1181"},"modified":"2018-07-29T14:55:32","modified_gmt":"2018-07-29T09:25:32","slug":"darwins-triplets","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/darwins-triplets\/","title":{"rendered":"Darwin&#8217;s Triplets"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1183\" src=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Identical-Triplets.jpg\" alt=\"Identical Triplets\" width=\"600\" height=\"228\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Identical-Triplets.jpg 600w, https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Identical-Triplets-300x114.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f3f3f3; padding: 12px;\">\r\n\r\n<strong>All\u00a0posts in \"Life in a Color Wheel\"\u00a0series<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/evolution-101\/\">Evolution 101<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/darwins-triplets-life-in-a-color-wheel\/\">Darwin's Triplets<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\n<p>In the earlier post titled\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/evolution-101\/\">Evolution 101<\/a>, we saw how evolution works in the wild. It discussed about how a particular biological trait is selected in\u00a0a population. Darwin called this &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Natural_selection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Natural Selection<\/a>&#8220;. Eventually it turned out that Natural Selection is an umbrella term for three different types of selection forces:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Self\u00a0Selection<\/li>\n<li>Sexual Selection<\/li>\n<li>Group Selection<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The interplay of these forces makes us who we are. Like the inter-play of three primary colors make all the hues that we can see in the nature. It is as of we live a life in a color wheel.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h3>Self\u00a0Selection<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1184\" src=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Me-Selection.png\" alt=\"Me-Selection\" width=\"126\" height=\"124\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Some genetic traits help an animal\u00a0to live longer.\u00a0These are called &#8220;Self Selection&#8221; traits.\u00a0Self Selection traits\u00a0may not care about finding a mate, making babies or altruism. Have you heard of rats eating their pup when they are hungry? It is\u00a0the rat&#8217;s self-selection trait\u00a0in action.<\/p>\n<h3>Sexual Selection<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1185\" src=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Sexual-Selection.png\" alt=\"Sexual-Selection\" width=\"173\" height=\"98\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Some\u00a0biological traits help an animal to secure better quality\/quantity\u00a0mates. These are called\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sexual_selection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Sexual Selection<\/a>\u00a0traits.\u00a0These traits may or may not care if an animal lives longer or if its community flourishes.<\/p>\n<p>A good example of Sexual Selection trait is peacock&#8217;s tail feathers. Luxurious tail feathers in a peacock advertises that the animal is physically\/genetically fit. Tail feathers don&#8217;t increase the survival of the peacock. If anything, the long tail\u00a0only makes it difficult for the peacock to catch its prey or run\/fly\u00a0away from the predators. Tail feathers are also metabolically expensive to maintain.\u00a0A\u00a0lesser peacock can&#8217;t fake a nice, long and iridescent tail. So, peacock&#8217;s tail feather is what we call a <a href=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/honest-signal\/\">honest signal<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>If the peahen selects a mate\u00a0 for its luxurious tail feather, the peahen can be sure that it selected a genetically superior male. The genetic trait in a peacock to grow a beautiful tail feather is a sexual selection trait. The genetic trait in a peahen to find such a tail feather beautiful is also a sexual selection trait. These traits do not help the animal to catch a prey or save the life of an amigo.\u00a0Their only purpose is to help the animal to make more healthy babies.<\/p>\n<pre>Study of Sexual Selection\u00a0forces is full of politically unacceptable\u00a0conclusions. This area is not as well\u00a0studied as it must be. Even the researchers\u00a0who study Sexual Selection publish their findings with caution.\u00a0Even very little published insights are not adequately communicated to the public.<\/pre>\n<h3>Group Selection<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1187\" src=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Group-Selection.png\" alt=\"Group-Selection\" width=\"268\" height=\"275\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Group_selection\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Group Selection<\/a>\u00a0traits are hotly disputed by some scientists. But we will never understand who we really are without understanding the\u00a0effect of\u00a0Group Selection traits. They\u00a0help the community (in which an animal lives)\u00a0to flourish and sustain. They may not care about how long an animal\u00a0lives or how many\u00a0babies it has.<\/p>\n<p>Our willingness to go to war\u00a0for our country is a good example of a group selection trait. When someone goes to war, they risk their life. They are working against self-selection interest.\u00a0Someone who goes to war and dies can&#8217;t have any more children. They also risk the future of the children they already have. There by, they work against the sexual selection interests as well.<\/p>\n<p>Consider two prehistoric societies, Y\u00a0and N. Society-Y\u00a0was made up of &#8216;brave&#8217; people, who were ever ready to go to war on behalf of their society\/country. Whereas members of Society-N were &#8216;cowards&#8217;, who were quite unwilling to risk their life\u00a0by going to a war. When Society-Y went to war with Society-N, Y probably decimated N. With time, genetic traits of Society-N was wiped off from the planet of earth. The ones left behind, Society-Y, are all willing to die for their society.<\/p>\n<p>Group Selection makes an individual to subjugate\u00a0its own self-interest to the interest of the group. When the interest of an individual clashes with the interest of the group, the group often doesn&#8217;t hesitate to get ride of the individual!\u00a0When we think about group selection, we must remember one thing:<\/p>\n<pre>A part of 'the group that we live in' lives inside each one of us.<\/pre>\n<p>At one level, each one of us is the group. We act in a way that subjugates the interest of other people to the common good of the group. We willingly sacrifice some of our own self interest in the alter of the common good. How much of self interest we sacrifice, or how much of similar sacrifice we demand from others, changes based on the situation we are in. Our sense of group identity and altruism\u00a0are elastic.<\/p>\n<h3>Feeling the Selection Forces<\/h3>\n<p>In an individual, selection forces express themselves as emotions\/feelings.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Self Selection\u00a0may express itself as hunger, fear, cold, warmth, satiety, anger, etc.<\/li>\n<li>Sexual Selection may express itself as pride, libido, competitiveness, creativity, etc.<\/li>\n<li>But the way\u00a0we feel the Group Selection is interesting. The sense of oneness we feel when you stand in front of God is how the Group Selection feels. When we feel the forces of Group Selection, we have a strong urge to merge and lose the sense of one&#8217;s self into the\u00a0identify of the group.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Emotions of Group Selection are just as seductive, if not more, as the emotions of Me Selection or Sexual Selection.\u00a0Though, we don&#8217;t readily recognize it. The interplay of the three selection forces determines who we are and how our societies are made.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1559\" src=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Three-selection-forces.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Three-selection-forces.png 600w, https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Three-selection-forces-300x182.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Some of our traits are fostered by two or three different selection forces. For example,\u00a0having a broad shoulder and good shoulder muscles in a man\u00a0helps him to be a good hunter (Self Selection). It also helps him to find more\/better mates (Sexual Selection). Being a good hunter, while it caters to Self Selection forces, sharing the spoils with the group also caters to the Group Selection forces.<\/p>\n<p>When a particular trait is exclusive to a single\u00a0selection force, expression of that trait might be\u00a0opposed by other forces. For example, human equivalent of peacock&#8217;s tail feather (sexual selection) is often considered as vanity and looked down upon by the society (group selection).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1560\" src=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Life-in-Color-Wheel.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"564\" height=\"437\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Life-in-Color-Wheel.png 564w, https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Life-in-Color-Wheel-300x232.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 564px) 100vw, 564px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Our natural desires and urges are endless and shifting inter-play of the three selection forces that played a part in molding us.\u00a0At any given point in time, your natural feelings are just a pixel on the color wheel. At times, you play near\u00a0the edges. At times, you play right at the center.<\/p>\n<p>Life becomes gets\u00a0uncomplicated\u00a0when you understand the\u00a0color wheel of selection forces\u00a0and then design your life around that understanding. Life in a color wheel might be the simplest answer to so many of your life&#8217;s dilemmas.\u00a0In the future posts, let&#8217;s\u00a0take a closer look at the inter-play of these hues.<\/p>\n<p>I promise you, it will be nothing less than liberating.<\/p>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f3f3f3; padding: 12px;\">\r\n\r\n<strong>All\u00a0posts in \"Life in a Color Wheel\"\u00a0series<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/evolution-101\/\">Evolution 101<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/darwins-triplets-life-in-a-color-wheel\/\">Darwin's Triplets<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"shariff shariff-align-flex-start shariff-widget-align-flex-start\" style=\"display:none\" data-services=\"facebook%7Cpinterest%7Creddit\" data-url=\"https%3A%2F%2Fsaravanan.org%2Fdarwins-triplets%2F\" data-timestamp=\"1532876132\" data-hidezero=\"1\" data-backendurl=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-json\/shariff\/v1\/share_counts?\"><ul class=\"shariff-buttons theme-grey orientation-horizontal buttonsize-small\"><li class=\"shariff-button facebook\" style=\"background-color:#d3d3d3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fsaravanan.org%2Fdarwins-triplets%2F\" title=\"Share on Facebook\" aria-label=\"Share on Facebook\" role=\"button\" rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"shariff-link\" style=\"; 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