{"id":1162,"date":"2014-06-11T23:04:48","date_gmt":"2014-06-11T17:34:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/saravanan.org\/?p=1162"},"modified":"2018-07-29T14:55:55","modified_gmt":"2018-07-29T09:25:55","slug":"evolution-101","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/evolution-101\/","title":{"rendered":"Evolution 101"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.scientificamerican.com\/observations\/2012\/10\/23\/reanalysis-of-four-winged-dinosaur-may-illuminate-evolution-of-bird-flight\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-1163 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Evidence-of-Evolution.jpg\" alt=\"Evidence-of-Evolution\" width=\"600\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Evidence-of-Evolution.jpg 600w, https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Evidence-of-Evolution-300x133.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f3f3f3; padding: 12px;\">\r\n\r\n<strong>All\u00a0posts in \"Life in a Color Wheel\"\u00a0series<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/evolution-101\/\">Evolution 101<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/darwins-triplets-life-in-a-color-wheel\/\">Darwin's Triplets<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\n<p>We\u00a0can&#8217;t understand human nature without understanding the forces of evolution that made us who we are. We are the happiest if\u00a0we design our lives\/societies around the human nature, like a well fitting glove is designed around a\u00a0hand. Failed philosophies\u00a0like Marxism and\u00a0Objectivism are results\u00a0of failing to design our societies around what evolution has made us to be.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>In a series\u00a0of future posts, we\u00a0will dissect the impact that evolution has on our nature. In this post,\u00a0let us make sure that we have a clear understanding of how evolution works.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Mutations-happen.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1166\" src=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Mutations-happen.png\" alt=\"Mutations-happen\" width=\"539\" height=\"106\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Mutations-happen.png 539w, https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Mutations-happen-300x58.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 539px) 100vw, 539px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s start with an animal called &#8216;Grey Circle&#8217;. Due to <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mutation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">genetic mutation<\/a>,\u00a0the some of the babies of Grey Circle are slightly different from the original. Of the three babies, the baby named &#8216;White Circle&#8217; has mutation gives it a survival\/propagation disadvantage (e.g. being born without limbs). The genes of the baby named &#8216;Black Circle&#8217; were mutated in such a way that it\u00a0has some special advantages over others (e.g.\u00a0ability to run faster). And\u00a0the baby Grey Circle has no advantage or disadvantage over its parent.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1167\" src=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Second-Generation-After-Mutation.png\" alt=\"Second-Generation-After-Mutation\" width=\"523\" height=\"142\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Second-Generation-After-Mutation.png 523w, https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Second-Generation-After-Mutation-300x81.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 523px) 100vw, 523px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Over the subsequent generations, White Circle doesn&#8217;t get to make babies because it dies early. Whereas the Black Circles ends up having more babies as they are very good at out running their predator.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1168\" src=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Advantageous-Mutation-Over-Generations.png\" alt=\"Advantageous-Mutation-Over-Generations\" width=\"529\" height=\"230\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Advantageous-Mutation-Over-Generations.png 529w, https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Advantageous-Mutation-Over-Generations-300x130.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 529px) 100vw, 529px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>With every passing generation, there are more Black Circles in the population.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1169\" src=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Inter-Breeding-of-Mutants.png\" alt=\"Inter-Breeding-of-Mutants\" width=\"525\" height=\"356\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Inter-Breeding-of-Mutants.png 525w, https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Inter-Breeding-of-Mutants-300x203.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Of course, Grey Circles and Black Circles may end up inter-breeding. But for the sake of simplicity, let&#8217;s ignore the effect of inter-breeding now.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Domination-by-a-Mutant.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1170\" src=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Domination-by-a-Mutant.png\" alt=\"Domination-by-a-Mutant\" width=\"529\" height=\"487\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Domination-by-a-Mutant.png 529w, https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Domination-by-a-Mutant-300x276.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 529px) 100vw, 529px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Eventually, the Black Circles dominate the entire population\u00a0as they successfully out-compete the\u00a0Grey Circles. Thus, a new population is born with\u00a0a new trait.<\/p>\n<p>In\u00a0another isolated part of the world, where the Grey Circles haven&#8217;t mutated into Black Circles, the Grey Circle population continues to thrive.<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1171\" src=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Mutations-keep-popping-up.png\" alt=\"Mutations-keep-popping-up\" width=\"527\" height=\"493\" srcset=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Mutations-keep-popping-up.png 527w, https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Mutations-keep-popping-up-300x280.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 527px) 100vw, 527px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Mutation is a messy business. It is never just Black or Grey. Mutations keep happening all the time, in million different forms. Some of the mutations\/traits end up dominating the entire population (e.g. intelligence in humans) . Some of the mutations\/traits persist in the population, but they\u00a0never fully dominates the population (e.g. skin color, super-intelligence, schizophrenia). Some mutations\/traits get wiped off from the population immediately\u00a0(e.g.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anencephaly\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">anencephaly<\/a>) or eventually.<\/p>\n<p>Evolution carries forward that traits that eventually dominate the population. Period. Evolution doesn&#8217;t care for good, bad, virtuous, evil, etc.\u00a0When we hear the phrase &#8220;survival of the fittest&#8221;, we tend to confuse it with &#8220;survival of the superior&#8221;. Evolution is blind to anything other than population explosion.<\/p>\n<p>In the next post, we&#8217;ll look into three sub-types of evolutionary forces.<\/p>\n<div style=\"background-color: #f3f3f3; padding: 12px;\">\r\n\r\n<strong>All\u00a0posts in \"Life in a Color Wheel\"\u00a0series<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/evolution-101\/\">Evolution 101<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/darwins-triplets-life-in-a-color-wheel\/\">Darwin's Triplets<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"shariff shariff-align-flex-start shariff-widget-align-flex-start\" style=\"display:none\" data-services=\"facebook%7Cpinterest%7Creddit\" data-url=\"https%3A%2F%2Fsaravanan.org%2Fevolution-101%2F\" data-timestamp=\"1532876155\" data-hidezero=\"1\" data-backendurl=\"https:\/\/saravanan.org\/wp-json\/shariff\/v1\/share_counts?\"><ul class=\"shariff-buttons theme-grey orientation-horizontal buttonsize-small\"><li class=\"shariff-button facebook\" style=\"background-color:#d3d3d3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fsaravanan.org%2Fevolution-101%2F\" title=\"Share on Facebook\" aria-label=\"Share on Facebook\" role=\"button\" rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"shariff-link\" style=\"; 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